部落格

選課本要注意封面、封底、版權、目錄、序

roll call (classroom/ military/ prison)

You’ve gone too far.  太過分了

 telescope 天文望遠鏡

tele- far

binoculars 望遠鏡

Unit 2 

They are running for their personal best.

virtual

vir/ ver- make it true (源自Vergil)

verify

Could you verify this wallet is yours?

Could you provide the verification of your credit hours you’ve taken at Cambridge?

 motto/ four pillars of the university 校訓

整理課文可以使用五段論證法

Define the title by retrieving the information in the text.

acknowledge (V.)

ac- take it for granted 

acquire / accept / acclaim

 content

 con (root) –with/ together/ conclude/ comprehend

 se- apart from

 sequence/ select/ seclusion

   ant/ er/ or/ ist- 人

   participant

Words of the day 

9/26 (Fri.)

1. retrieve  [v.]  [rɪˈtriv]
definition: Get or bring (something) back from somewhere
origin: late Middle English (in the sense 'find lost game'): from Old French retroeve-, stressed stem of retrover 'find again'.
sentence: I was sent to retrieve the balls from his garden.
part of speech: 

retrievability [n.]   

retrievable  [adj.]

2. sow  [v.]  [səʊ]
definition: Plant (seed) by scattering it on or in the earth
origin: Old English sāwan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch zaaien and German säen.
sentence: Fill a pot with compost and sow a thin layer of seeds on top.
part of speech: 

sower  [n.]

3. relevant  [adj.]  [ˈrɛlɪvənt]
definition: Closely connected or appropriate to the matter in hand
origin: early 16th century (as a Scots legal term meaning 'legally pertinent'): from medieval Latin relevant- 'raising up', from Latin relevare.
sentence: The candidate’s experience is relevant to the job.
part of speech: 

relevance  [n.]  

relevancy  [n.]  

relevantly  [adv.]

4. proliferate  [v.]  [prəˈlɪfəreɪt]
definition: Increase rapidly in number; multiply
origin: late 19th century: back-formation from proliferation.
sentence: The science fiction magazines which proliferated in the 1920s.
part of speech: 

proliferative  [adj.]  

proliferator  [n.]

5. deploy  [v.]  [dɪˈplɔɪ]
definition: Move (troops) into position for military action
origin: late 18th century: from French déployer, from Latin displicare and late Latin deplicare 'unfold or explain', from dis-, de- 'un-' + plicare 'to fold'.
sentence: Forces were deployed at strategic locations.
part of speech: 

deployable  [adj.]  

deployment  [n.] 

9/29 (Mon.)

1. miraculous  [adj.]  [mɪˈrakjʊləs]
definition: Remarkable and bringing very welcome consequences
origin: late Middle English: from French miraculeux or medieval Latin miraculosus, from Latin miraculum
sentence: I felt amazed and grateful for our miraculous escape.
part of speech: 

miraculously  [adv.]

miraculousness  [n.]

2. distress  [v.]  [dɪˈstrɛs]
definition: Cause (someone) anxiety, sorrow, or pain
origin: Middle English: from Old French destresce (noun), destrecier (verb), based on Latin distringere 'stretch apart'.
sentence: I didn’t mean to distress you.
part of speech: 

distressful  [adj.]

3. rictus  [n.]  [ˈrɪktəs]
definition: A fixed grimace or grin
origin: early 19th century: from Latin, literally 'open mouth', from rict- 'gaped', from the verb ringi.
sentence: Their faces were each frozen in a terrified rictus.
part of speech: 

rictal  [adj.]

4. detract  [v.]  [dɪˈtrakt]
definition: Diminish the worth or value of (a quality or achievement)
origin: late Middle English: from Latin detract- 'drawn away', from the verb detrahere, from de- 'away from' + trahere 'draw'.
sentence: These quibbles in no way detract from her achievement.
part of speech: 

detraction  [n.]  

detractive  [adj.]

5. grid  [n.]  [grɪd]
definition: A framework of spaced bars that are parallel to or cross each other; a grating
origin: mid 19th century: back-formation from gridiron.
sentence: The rooftop water tank is supported by a dense grid of 1m thick parallel brick walls penetrated by arches to create a series of 4m wide vaults.

9/30 (Tue.)

1. devour  [v.]  [dɪˈvaʊə]
definition: Eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly
origin: Middle English: from Old French devorer, from Latin devorare, from de- 'down' + vorare 'to swallow'.
sentence: As we settled down to supper, devouring the food hungrily, the front door slammed open.
part of speech: 

devourer  [n.]

2. transgress  [v.]  [tranzˈgrɛs]
definition: Go beyond the limits of (what is morally, socially, or legally acceptable)
origin: late 15th century (earlier (late Middle English) as transgression): from Old French transgresser or Latin transgress- 'stepped across', from the verb transgredi, from trans- 'across' + gradi 'go'.
sentence: She had transgressed an unwritten social law.
part of speech: 

transgressor  [n.]

3. ignominious  [adj.]  [ˌɪgnəˈmɪnɪəs]
definition: Deserving or causing public disgrace or shame
origin: late Middle English: from French ignominieux, or Latin ignominiosus, from ignominia
sentence: Moreover, he ‘leads’ the team from ignominious to defeat to ignominious defeat.
part of speech:

ignominiously  [adv.]

ignominiousness  [n.]

4. lieutenant  [n.]  [lɛfˈtɛnənt]
definition: A deputy or substitute acting for a superior
origin: late Middle English: from Old French
sentence: Certainly a number of his lieutenants and cohorts have been captured in recent months.
part of speech: 

lieutenancy  [n.]

5. deputy  [n.]  [ˈdɛpjʊti]
definition: A person who is appointed to undertake the duties of a superior in the superior’s absence
origin: late Middle English: from Old French depute, from late Latin deputatus, past participle of deputare
sentence: His deputy has been largely running the business for the past year.
part of speech:

deputyship  [n.]

10/1 (Wed.)

1. philanthropic  [adj.]  [ˌfɪlənˈθrɒpɪk]
definition: (Of a person or organization) seeking to promote the welfare of others; generous and benevolent
origin: late 18th century: from French philanthropique, from Greek philanthrōpos 'man-loving'
sentence: They receive financial support from philanthropic bodies.
part of speech: 

philanthropically  [adv.]

2. dismiss  [v.]  [dɪsˈmɪs]
definition: Order or allow to leave; send away
origin: late Middle English: from medieval Latin dismiss-, variant of Latin dimiss- 'sent away', from the verb dimittere.
sentence: She dismissed the taxi at the corner of the road.
part of speech: 

dismissible  [adj.]

3. mend  [v.]  [mɛnd]

definition: Repair (something that is broken or damaged)

origin: Middle English: shortening of amend.

sentence: The faulty shearing machines are repaired, the broken cobbles are mended and the new by-pass built.

part of speech: 

mendable  [adj.]  

mender  [n.]

4. patch  [v.]  [patʃ]

definition: Mend or strengthen (fabric or clothing) with a patch

origin: late Middle English: perhaps from a variant of Old French pieche, dialect variant of piece 'piece'.

sentence: Her jeans were neatly patched.

part of speech: 

patcher  [n.]

5. unassailable  [adj.]  [ʌnəˈseɪləbəl]
definition: Unable to be attacked, questioned, or defeated
sentence: Dyson fired seven birdies for a six-under-par 65 that swept him into what proved an unassailable lead.
part of speech: 

unassailability  [n.]  

unassailably  [adv.]

10/2 (Thu.)

1. render  [v.]  [ˈrɛndə]
definition: Provide or give (a service, help, etc.)
origin: late Middle English: from Old French rendre, from an alteration of Latin reddere 'give back', from re- 'back' + dare 'give'. The earliest senses were 'recite', 'translate', and 'give back' (hence 'represent' and 'perform'); 'hand over' (hence 'give help' and 'submit for consideration'); 'cause to be'; and 'melt down'.
sentence: Money serves as a reward for services rendered.
part of speech: 

renderer  [n.]

2. inheritable  [adj.]  [ɪnˈhɛrɪtəbəl]
definition: Capable of being inherited
origin: late Middle English (formerly also as enheritable): from Anglo-Norman French enheritable 'able to be made heir', from Old French enheriter
sentence: These characteristics are inheritable.
part of speech: 

inheritability  [n.]

3. shred  [v.]  [ʃrɛd]
definition: Tear or cut into shreds.
origin: late Old English scrēad 'piece cut off', scrēadian 'trim, prune', of West Germanic origin; related to shroud.
sentence: I looked closer and it ended up being that half the fan belt had shredded itself and torn off.

4. assert  [v.]  [əˈsərt]
definition: State a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
origin: early 17th century: from Latin asserere 'claim, affirm', from ad- 'to' + serere 'to join'.
sentence: The company asserts that the cuts will not affect development.
part of speech: 

assertable  [adj.]  

asserter  [n.]

5. integrate  [v.]  [ˈɪntɪgreɪt]
definition: Combine (one thing) with another to form a whole
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin integrat- 'made whole', from the verb integrare, from integer 'whole' (see integer).
sentence: A fully equipped laboratory is being integrated into the development.
part of speech: 

integrability  [n.]  

integrable  [adj.]

integrative  [adj.]

classical poetry

Ulysses

the + 書名 (書名要是斜體字)

motif (n.) [moˋtif]

definition: something (such as an important idea or subject) that is repeated throughout a book, story, etc.

unities: unite of time, plot, place(三一律)

Aeneid: wondering hero

hierarchies ( arch- order) for example: oligarchy

Christian / Catholic / Protestant(新教徒)

Sadan 被關到最下層因為 pride (hubris)

Dante Alighieri (課本p.1595)

33 canto x 3 + 1 (prolosne) = 100 (perfect)

Limbo 在地獄與煉獄之間

Athens 的s不可省略

Egyptian 書寫是從右邊到左邊

monotheism (mono –單一)

p.20有重點考題

189 /193 /200 /208 /215 /217 /232 /235 /238 /239 /241 /242 /245 /247 /258 /267 /268 /269 /272~279 /283~286 /290 /xix~xxiv / 3~5 /(181~188, 189~290, 290~381 ) 

In medias res ( flashback <--> foreshadowing)

Invocation (n.) [͵ɪnvəˋkeʃən]

Definition: the act of mentioning or referring to someone or something in support of your ideas; the act of invoking something.

For example:

The poem begins with an invocation of the Muses.

Epic poetry:

a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.

Sappho (課本p.594) poem 1 / poem 16

Jove( from the archaic Latin for father god ) usually refers to the god Jupiter.

Hera (beautiful)

Hermes

Pandora

Prometheus

Bull 公牛 & heifer 母牛

荷馬史詩常出現motif

Female writer(課本XXI)

美國第四任總統：James Madison

Why should we take English class?

In order to maintain level.

College is a place to help you learn the strategy to maintain level.

Take notes in class, and get started to do research after class.

講解口頭報告

1. 一章節的兩個單元都要報告(There are two unit to demonstrate …)

2. 二十分鐘以內

3. What is that?

    What is that for?

    What should we care?

4. 報告內容含:  the hypothesis (答案本)

                         individual ideas

                         brief conclusion

                         main idea of the individual paragraph and how

                         they connected  with each other

                         共同點

                         差異點

5. extra information:

    where are you locate your target word?(…line,…page)

    origin(the meaning of this etymology you want to focus)

    roots, three additional example

6. Good morning, we are students from…

7. That is all for my part and I will leave the rest to my partner.

8. That is all of our presentation, thanks for listening.  

Words of the day

9/19 (Fri.)

1.flush [v.] [flʌʃ]

definition: (Of a person’s skin, face, etc.) become red and hot, typically as the result of illness or strong emotion

origin: Middle English (in the sense 'move rapidly, spring up', especially of a bird 'fly up suddenly'): symbolic, fl- frequently beginning words connected with sudden movement; perhaps influenced by flash and blush.

sentence: Her skin reacted to the small touches, goose bumps jittering across her flesh as her face flushed hot. 

part of speech:

flushable [adj.]

flusher [n.]

2. devour [v.] [dɪˈvaʊə]

definition: Eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly

origin: Middle English: from Old French devorer, from Latin devorare, from de- 'down' + vorare 'to swallow'.

sentence: As we settled down to supper, devouring the food hungrily, the front door slammed open.

part of speech:

devourer [n.]

3. swiftly [adv.] [swɪft]

definition: Happening quickly or promptly

origin: Old English (as an adjective), from the Germanic base of Old English swīfan 'move in a course, sweep'. The bird name dates from the mid 17th century.

sentence: Her eyes quickly made a swift sweep of the people in the room.

part of speech:

swiftly [adv.]

swiftness [n.]

4. incorporate [v.] [ɪnˈkɔrpəreɪt]

definition: Take in or contain (something) as part of a whole; include 

origin: late Middle English: from late Latin incorporat- 'embodied', from the verb incorporare, from in- 'into' + Latin corporare 'form into a body' (from corpus, corpor- 'body').

sentence: He has incorporated in his proposals a number of measures.

part of speech:

incorporation [n.]

incorporator [n.]

5. tentative [adj.] [ˈtɛntətɪv]

definition: Not certain or fixed; provisional

origin: late 16th century: from medieval Latin tentativus, from tentare, variant of temptare 'handle, try'.

sentence: It was a kind of empire built on very provisional and tentative things that might happen.

part of speech:

tentatively [adv.]

tentativeness [n.]

9/22 (Mon.)

1. transgress [v.] [tranzˈgrɛs]

definition: Go beyond the limits of (what is morally, socially, or legally acceptable)

origin: late 15th century (earlier (late Middle English) as transgression): from Old French transgresser or Latin transgress- 'stepped across', from the verb transgredi, from trans- 'across' + gradi 'go'.

sentence: She had transgressed an unwritten social law.

part of speech:

transgressor [n.]

2. retrieve [v.] [rɪˈtriv]

definition: Get or bring (something) back from somewhere

origin: late Middle English (in the sense 'find lost game'): from Old French retroeve-, stressed stem of retrover 'find again'.

sentence: I was sent to retrieve the balls from his garden.

part of speech:

retrievability [n.]

retrievable [adj.]

3. attentive [adj.] [əˈtɛntɪv]

definition: Paying close attention to something

origin: late Middle English: from Old French attentif, -ive, from atendre 'give one's attention to'

sentence: Ministers should be more attentive to the interests of taxpayers.

part of speech:

attentively [adv.]

attentiveness [n.]

4. sniff [v.] [snɪf]

definition: Draw up air audibly through the nose to detect a smell, to stop it running, or to express contempt

origin: Middle English: imitative.

sentence: His dog sniffed at my trousers.

5. duplicate [adj.] [ˈdjuplɪkət]

definition: Exactly like something else, especially through having been copied

origin: late Middle English (in the sense 'having two corresponding parts'): from Latin duplicat- 'doubled', from the verb duplicare, from duplic- 'twofold'

sentence: For example, I never realised you should keep duplicate copies of receipts.

part of speech:

duplicable [adj.]

9/23(Tue.)

1. discreet [adj.] [dɪˈskrit]

definition: Careful and prudent in one’s speech or actions, especially in order to keep something confidential or to avoid embarrassment

origin: Middle English: from Old French discret, from Latin discretus 'separate', past participle of discernere 'discern', the sense arising from late Latin discretio. Compare with discrete.

sentence: A lot of their work is carried out in a very discreet and confidential manner.

part of speech:

discreetly [adv.]

discreetness [n.]

2. acquaintance [n.] [əˈkweɪntəns]

definition: Knowledge or experience of something

origin: Middle English (in the sense 'mutual knowledge, being acquainted'): from Old French acointance, from acointier 'make known'

sentence: Some had experience of Frankish Gaul and hence some acquaintance with Roman institutions and culture.

3. embed [v.] [ɪmˈbɛd]

definition: Fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass

sentence: He had an operation to remove a nail embedded in his chest.

part of speech:

embedment [n.]

4. declarative [adj.] [dɪˈklarətɪv]

definition: Of the nature of or making a declaration

sentence: But to the best of my knowledge this is the first time we've heard this about Rice - certainly in so declarative and unambiguous a fashion.

part of speech:

declaratively [adv.]

5. collateral [n.] [kəˈlatərəl]

definition: Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default

origin: late Middle English (as an adjective): from medieval Latin collateralis, from col- 'together with' + lateralis (from latus, later- 'side'). sense 1 of the noun (originally US) is from the phrase collateral security, denoting something pledged in addition to the main obligation of a contract.

sentence: She put her house up as collateral for the bank loan.

part of speech:

collaterality [n.]

collaterally [adv.]

9/24 (Wed.) 

1. dire [adj.] [ˈdʌɪə ]

definition: Extremely serious or urgent

origin: mid 16th century: from Latin dirus 'fearful, threatening'.

sentence: He was in dire need of help.

part of speech:

direly [adv.]

direness [n.]

2. democratic [adj.] [dɛməˈkratɪk ]

definition: Relating to or supporting democracy or its principles

origin: early 17th century: from French démocratique, via medieval Latin from Greek dēmokratikos, from dēmokratia

sentence: What people see as democratic principles may sometimes have to be compromised.

part of speech:

democratically [adv.]

3. beak [n.] [bik]

definition: A bird’s horny projecting jaws; a bill

origin: Middle English: from Old French bec, from Latin beccus, of Celtic origin.

sentence: A parent bird with a caterpillar in its beak.

part of speech:

beaked [adj.]

4. aspect [v.] [ˈaspɛkt]

definition: (Of a planet) form an aspect with (another celestial body)

origin: late Middle English (denoting the action or a way of looking): from Latin aspectus, from aspicere 'look at', from ad- 'to, at' + specere 'to look'.

sentence: The sun is superbly aspected by your ruler Mars on the 19th.

part of speech:

aspectual [adj.]

5. mimic [v.] [ˈmɪmɪk]

definition: Imitate (someone or their actions or words), especially in order to entertain or ridicule

origin: late 16th century (as noun and adjective): via Latin from Greek mimikos, from mimos 'mime'.

sentence: She mimicked Eileen’s pedantic voice.

part of speech:

mimicker [n.]

9/25(Thu.)

1. armor [n.] [ˈɑrmə]

definition: The metal coverings formerly worn to protect the body in battle

origin: Middle English: from Old French armure, from Latin armatura, from armare 'to arm'

sentence: He was dressed like a centurion, with titanium armor protecting his every body part.

2. adept [v.] [əˈdɛpt]

definition: Very skilled or proficient at something

origin: mid 17th century: from Latin adeptus 'achieved', past participle of adipisci 'obtain, attain'.

sentence: She is adept at cutting through red tape.

part of speech:

adeptly [adv.]

adeptness [n.]

3. deploy [v.] [dɪˈplɔɪ]

definition: Move (troops) into position for military action

origin: late 18th century: from French déployer, from Latin displicare and late Latin deplicare 'unfold or explain', from dis-, de- 'un-' + plicare 'to fold'.

sentence: The Legion was often deployed in hopeless military situations.

part of speech:

deployable [adj.]

deployment [n.]

4. skirmish [n.] [ˈskərmɪʃ]

definition: An episode of irregular or unpremeditated fighting, especially between small or outlying parts of armies or fleets

origin: Middle English (as a verb): from Old French eskirmiss-, lengthened stem of eskirmir, from a Germanic verb meaning 'defend'.

sentence: The unit was caught in several skirmishes and the commanding officer was killed.

part of speech:

skirmisher [n.]

5. painstaking [adj.] [ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ]

definition: Done with or employing great care and thoroughness

sentence: The secret of good tiling is painstaking preparation and accurate cutting and fixing.

part of speech:

painstakingly [adv.]

painstakingness [n.]

Helen of Troy —“kill him”

美國的很多地名源自法國、德國等歐洲國家 

for example: Ithaca (in New York state)

hypothsis>>> hypo-under(opposite to hyper)

hypodermic>>> derm-skin

dermatology  

advantage>>> ad-往前走一步

advocate

adventure

diversity>>> di- 一分為二

divorce

different

thermometer>>> therm-heat/ meter-measure

hydrant-water hygrometer溼度計

novel>>> nov-new

ant/er/or/ist/ian-人

accountant

applicant

protestant

blossom 擬聲字(blooming)

prefix   root   suffix(part of speech)

Words of the day

9/12 (Fri.)

1. implication (n.) [͵ɪmplɪˋkeʃən]

definition: something implied or suggested as naturally to be inferred or understood

sentence: I resent your implication that my work is unsatisfactory.

part of speech:

implicate(v.)

implicative(adj.)

2. reprise(n.) [rɪˋpraɪz]

definition:to repeat a performance or role done at an earlier time

origin:a talking back,Old French,noun use of feminine past participle of reprendre to take back

sentence: Noted in two staves,the piano plays a reprise of its own opening theme.

3. mediocre(adj.) [ˋmidɪ͵okɚ]

definition:of only ordinary or moderate quality;neither good nor bad;barely adequate

sentence:The foursome alone should make Arizona very competitive in the mediocre National League West.

part of speech:

mediocracy(n.)

mediocrity(n.)

4. privy(adj.) [ˋprɪvɪ]

definition:participating in the knowledge of something private or secret

sentence:Very few of them were privy to the details of the conspiracy.

origin:1175~1225; Middle English prive <Old French:private(adj.), close friend,private place(n.)

part of speech:

private(adj.)

privacy(n.)

privily(adv.)

5. feign(v.) [fen]

definition:to represent fictitiously;put on an appearance

sentence:To feign frankness is a ruse of war.

part of speech:

feigned(adj.)

feignedly(adv.)

9/15 (Mon.)

1. levity (n.) [ˋlɛvətɪ]

definition: lightness of mind, character, or behavior; lack of appropriate seriousness or earnestness

sentence: I am sure foreigners must think our levity is baffling.

origin: C16: from Latin levitās lightness, from levis light

part of speech:

levitate(v.)

levitation(n.)

2. plagiarism (n.)[ˋpledʒə͵rɪzəm]

definition: the act of using someone else's words, ideas, or work and pretending they are your own

sentence: The content of his book is no more than plagiarism.

 origin: 1620s, from -ism + plagiary (n.) "plagiarist, literary thief" (1590s), from Latin plagiarius "kidnapper, seducer, plunderer, one who kidnaps the child or slave of another," used by Martial in the sense of "literary thief," from plagiare "to kidnap," plagium "kidnapping," from plaga "snare, hunting net"

 part of speech:

plagiarise(v.)

plagiaristic(adj.)

3. mar (v.) [mɑr]

definition: to damage or spoil to a certain extent; render less perfect, attractive, useful, etc.; impair or spoil

sentence:The holiday was marred by bad weather.

origin: before 900; Middle English merren, Old English merran to hinder, waste; cognate with Old Saxon merrian, Old High German merren to hinder, Old Norse merja to bruise, Gothic marzjan to offend

4. parcel (n.) [ˋpɑrs!]

definition: an object, article, container, or quantity of something wrapped or packed up; small package; bundle.

sentence:This parcel came in the mail today.

origin: Meaning "package" is first recorded 1640s, earlier "a quantity of goods in a package" (mid-15c.), from late 14c. sense of "an amount or quantity of anything." The expression part and parcel (early 15c.) also preserves the older sense; both words mean the same, the multiplicity is for emphasis.

5. marsh (n.) [mɑrʃ]

definition: a tract of low wet land, often treeless and periodically inundated, generally characterized by a growth of grasses, sedges, cattails, and rushes.

sentence: They made theur way slowly out of the marsh.

origin:Old English merisc; related to German Marsch, Dutch marsk; related to mere

9/16 (Tue.)

1. scorn (n.) [skɔrn]

definition: open or unqualified contempt; disdain 

sentence: His face and attitude showed the scorn he felt.

origin:1150-1200; (noun) Middle English scorn, scarn < Old French escarn < Germanic (compare obsolete Dutch schern mockery, trickery); (v.) Middle English skarnen, sc(h)ornen < Old French escharnir, eschernir ≪ Germanic 

part of speech:

scorningly(adv.)

2. dignify (v.) [ˋdɪgnə͵faɪ]

definition: to give a high-sounding title or name to; confer unmerited distinction upon

sentence:The lowly cottage was dignified by the two great pear trees in front of it.

origin: C15: from Old French dignifier, from Late Latin dignificāre, from Latin dignus worthy + facere to make

3. abortive (adj.) [əˋbɔrtɪv] 

definition: failing to succeed; unsuccessful

sentence: All efforts to trace and locate her next of kin proved abortive.

origin:1300-50; Middle English < Latin abortīvus. See abort, -ive

part of speech:

abortion (n.)

 abortively(adj.)

4. elation (n.) [ɪˋleʃən]

definition: a feeling or state of great joy or pride; exultant gladness; high spirits

 sentence:This little incident filled me with elation.

 origin:1350-1400; Middle English elacioun (< Anglo-French) < Latin ēlātiōn- (stem of ēlātiō), equivalent to ēlāt(us) (see elate) + -iōn--ion

 part of speech:

elate (v.) 

elatedly (adv.)

5. clan (n.) [klæn]

definition:a group of families or households, as among the Scottish Highlanders, the heads of which claim descent from a common ancestor

sentence:All the higher-grade engineers have for med a little clan of their own.

origin:1375-1425; late Middle English (Scots) < Scots Gaelic clann < Old Irish cland offspring < Latin planta scion, plant, perhaps directly < British Celtic; compare Welsh plant children

9/17 (Wed.)

1. bungalow (n.) [ˋbʌŋgə͵lo]

definition: a cottage of one story.

sentence:The old couple sold that large house and moved into a small bungalow.

origin: C17: from Hindi banglā (house) of the Bengal type

2. mutter (v.) [ˋmʌtɚ]

definition: to utter words indistinctly or in a low tone, often as if talking to oneself

sentence:The old woman muttered to herself.

origin:C14 moteren; related to Norwegian (dialect) mutra, Old High German mutilōn; compare Old English mōtian to speak

3. confer (v.) [kənˋfɝ]

definition: to consult together; compare opinions; carry on a discussion or deliberation.

sentence: Diplomas were conferred on the students who had completed al courses of study.

origin: C16: from Latin conferre to gather together, compare, from com- together + ferre to bring

part of speech:

conferment(n.)

conferrable(adj.)

4. conviction (n.) [kənˋvɪkʃən]

definition: a fixed or firmly held belief, opinion, etc

sentence: Her words carried conviction.

origin: 1400-50; late Middle English < Late Latin convictiōn- (stem of convictiō) proof (of guilt). See convict, -ion

part of speech:

convictional (adj.)

5. epigram (n.) [ˋɛpə͵græm]

definition: a witty, often paradoxical remark, concisely expressed

sentence: The audience was amused by his speech full of epigrams.

origin: 1400-50; late Middle English < Latin epigramma < Greek epígramma inscription, epigram. See epi-, -gram¹

 9/18 (Thu.)

1. domesticate (v.) [dəˋmɛstə͵ket]

definition: to bring or keep (wild animals or plants) under control or cultivation

sentence: Cows were domesticated to provide us with milk.

origin: 1635-45; < Medieval Latin domesticātus (past participle of domesticāre), equivalent to domestic- domestic + -ātus-ate

part of speech:

domesticating(adj.)

2. sinister (adj.) [ˋsɪnɪstɚ]

definition: evil or treacherous, esp in a mysterious way

origin: C15: from Latin sinister on the left-hand side, considered by Roman augurs to be the unlucky one

sentence: He always wears a sinister smile.

part of speech:

sinisterly(adv.)

sinisterness(n.)

3. perpetual (adj.) [pɚˋpɛtʃʊəl]

definition: continuing or enduring forever; everlasting.

sentence: They hoped to live perpetual happiness.

origin: C14: via Old French from Latin perpetuālis universal, from perpes continuous, from per- (thoroughly) + petere to go towards

part of speech:

perpetually(adv.)

perpetuality(n.)

4.console (v.) [ˋkɑnsol]

definition: to alleviate or lessen the grief, sorrow, or disappointment of; give solace or comfort

sentence: Only his children could console him when his wife died.

origin:1700-10; < French; Middle French consolle bracket or support, apparently shortening of consolateur (attested in MF with same sense) literally, one who consoles (< Late Latin consōlātor; see console, -ator), perhaps because such supports served as rests in choir stalls, etc.; cf. misericord

part of speech:

consolable(adj.)

consolingly(adv.)

5.spank (v.) [spæŋk]

definition: to move rapidly, smartly, or briskly.

sentence: Mother spanked her for being naughty.

origin: 1800-10; back formation from spanking.

西洋文學概論～Notes on Helen of Troy

                      ～Notes on Trojan War and Greek Immortals(Leda)

What is that?

What is that for?

What should we care?

epic poetry

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and significant to a culture or nation.

genre

the term for any category of literature or other forms of art or entertainment.

orientation

the aims or interests of a particular activity or organization.For example: student orientation.

video: intro to American literature

main idea: defining literature

imagination

emotional

artistic

intellectual

beautiful

sympathy (n.)>>> sym-together /path-feeling

(the feeling of being sorry for someone who is in a bad situation and understanding how they feel)

I have great sympathy for people in affliction.

apathy (n.)>>> a-not /path-feeling

(the feeling of not being interested or not caring, either about a particular thing or about life)

The apathy of the people towards the war worried the government.

atheist (n.)>>> a-not /the-god

(someone who denies the existence of god)

There is no such thing as an atheist in a foxhole.